• Reject: A Sepa direct debit that can be executed due to an error detected during execution at one of the banks.
• Refusal: A refusal by the debtor to his bank before the payment is executed.
• Refund: A refusal by the debtor to his bank before the payment is executed.
• Return: A revocation of payment by the debtor during the statutory period (especially for CORE mandates during 8 weeks)

For the sake of completeness, we also mention 2 R-transactions that are only used by the creditor to recall a batch at his own bank. (Revocation and Reversal). Each type of R-transaction contains "Reason codes". These codes provide more detail about exact reason why something fails.

Following up on these error messages takes time and is best automated. Twikey has developed a very comprehensive solution to manage this fully automatically.